Definition of three generations of IVF
The third generation of IVF, also known as genetic disease screening infants, is a genetic screening based on IVF technology, which aims to avoid bringing some genetic diseases into the next generation and enhance the possibility of pregnancy. The main steps of the third generation IVF include: in vitro cultivation of fertilized eggs, embryonic genetic screening and final embryo implantation.
In vitro culture of fertilized eggs
The first step of three generations of IVF is to extract eggs from women in the laboratory and fertilize them in vitro with sperm provided by men. This process is generally carried out in IVF hospitals or reproductive health centers. Doctors will use thin tubes to prepare adult worker fertilized eggs from eggs and sperm, and then put them into a petri dish for culture under appropriate temperature and nutrient solution to promote embryonic development.
At this stage, doctors usually use microscopes to observe the development and quality of embryos. High quality embryos usually have good cell division and morphological characteristics, and these embryos are more likely to successfully implement embryonic genetic screening.
During the culture of artificially fertilized eggs, doctors will evaluate each fertilized egg and select the best embryo for subsequent embryonic genetic screening.
Embryonic genetic screening
In order to avoid the transmission of genetic diseases, doctors can conduct embryonic genetic screening on fertilized eggs. There are two main methods for embryonic genetic screening: the first is amniocentesis, that is, inserting a fine needle into the abdomen of a pregnant woman to extract fetal DNA from amniotic fluid for detection; The second is preimplantation genetic diagnosis, that is, the embryo is cultivated to a certain stage, and then a small number of cells of the embryo are taken for gene testing to determine whether they carry genetic diseases.
The results of embryonic genetic screening can help doctors judge whether there are genetic diseases in embryos, and selectively determine which embryos are suitable for implantation into the mother's body, thus reducing the risk of genetic diseases.
Embryonic genetic screening is usually conducted by a team of reproductive specialists and genetic consultants. Doctors will develop personalized genetic screening programs for each patient according to the type of genetic disease and family history.
Embryo implantation
After embryonic genetic screening, doctors will implant the selected embryos into the mother to realize the birth of three generations of test tube babies.
Embryo implantation is usually performed by endometrial endoscopy. Doctors will transfer the implanted embryos into the mother's uterus to help them implant and develop. In this process, doctors need to precisely control the implantation time and the number of embryos to improve the possibility of successful pregnancy.
After embryo implantation, patients usually need pregnancy observation and care. If the pregnancy is successful, the woman can continue to carry out normal pregnancy inspection and prenatal care to ensure the healthy development of the embryo.
summary
The third generation of IVF is an assisted reproductive technology that reduces the risk of genetic diseases through genetic screening technology. Its main steps include in vitro cultivation of fertilized eggs, embryonic genetic screening and embryo implantation. In the process of three generations of IVF, doctors need to operate and evaluate accurately to help patients achieve healthy pregnancy. This technology can bring hope and opportunities to couples with a family history of hereditary diseases, help them prevent the transmission of hereditary diseases, and improve the possibility of realizing healthy babies.
