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What is the main process of IVF?

What is the main process of IVF?



Main processes of IVF

Test tube baby is an assisted reproductive technology that combines eggs and sperm to form a fertilized egg under the condition of in vitro culture, and then transplants the fertilized egg into a female uterus to develop an embryo, finally realizing embryo implantation and pregnancy. The process of IVF includes egg retrieval, fertilization and culture, embryo transfer and pregnancy. The main processes of IVF will be described in detail from these four aspects.

1. Take eggs

Fetching eggs is the first step in the process of IVF. This is usually done at the beginning of a woman's menstrual cycle. First, doctors will confirm the ovulation period through ultrasonic monitoring. Then, the eggs are extracted by inserting a slender needle into the ovary. This process is usually performed under general anesthesia to ensure patient comfort. The removed egg will be immediately transferred to a test tube, ready to combine with sperm. The process of egg retrieval may cause some discomfort, such as abdominal pain, bleeding or infection, but these are not common and usually recover quickly.

2. Fertilization and culture

The removed egg will be combined with sperm. Sperm can be achieved through natural fertilization or sperm injection technology (ICSI). Natural fertilization is to cultivate multiple sperm in a culture dish together with the egg, and let them pass through the outer layer of the egg and combine with it. ICSI uses a special microneedle to inject a single sperm directly into the egg. After fertilization, the eggs will be cultured in a petri dish to provide a suitable environment to promote embryonic development. Usually, embryos will be cultured in petri dishes for 2-6 days until they reach the optimal development state.

3. Embryo transfer

After the embryo culture is completed, the doctor will select the most capable embryo for transplantation. This process is usually carried out in the womb of a woman. The doctor uses a slender tube to gently place the embryo on the endometrium. The embryo transfer process does not require general anesthesia, and patients may feel some slight discomfort. Generally speaking, the number of embryos transferred will vary according to different doctors and hospitals, generally 1-3 embryos. The remaining embryos can be stored in frozen storage for future use.

4. Pregnancy

After successful embryo transfer, the patient will be tested for pregnancy. Usually, blood or urine tests are performed 10-14 days after embryo transfer to confirm successful pregnancy. If the test result is positive, it means that the IVF program is successful. Since the birth of IVF, this technology has been continuously improved and perfected. Modern medical technology makes the IVF program more and more successful, although the success rate will still be affected by many factors. To sum up, the main processes of IVF include egg retrieval, fertilization and culture, embryo transfer and pregnancy. This process requires multiple medical operations and monitoring, and requires the professional operation of doctors and technicians. IVF technology provides a way for couples who cannot conceive naturally to achieve fertility. It has brought good news to many couples and brought them new hope and joy.
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