Formation process of test tube baby
IVF is the process of culturing the fertilized eggs in vitro through assisted reproductive technology, and then transplanting them into the female uterus to develop into a fetus. Next, we will elaborate on the formation process of IVF from four aspects: fertilization, embryo culture, embryo transfer and pregnancy process.
be fertilized
Fertilization is the first step of IVF. After ovulation guidance treatment, women should choose the right time to take eggs under the supervision of doctors. The egg retrieval operation is usually carried out under general anesthesia, and the doctor extracts the eggs through Levin aspirator. At the same time, select the sperm with good vitality from the semen of the male spouse.
After the collection of eggs and sperm, laboratory technicians put eggs and sperm into culture dishes respectively, inject suitable culture medium into culture dishes, and then put culture dishes into thermostatic incubator. The incubator provides suitable temperature, water and nutrition conditions to enable the eggs and sperm to be naturally fertilized. Generally, the fertilization rate is about 70%.
After successful fertilization, the egg will undergo the first mitosis and form two cells. After that, the cells will continue to divide, forming four cells, and then the number of cells will continue to increase.
Embryo culture
After successful fertilization, the embryo will enter the process of embryo culture in the in vitro culture environment. This process usually lasts for 3 to 5 days, and is conducive to embryonic development through different media and culture conditions.
In IVF technology, embryo culture is mainly divided into three stages. The first is the two cell phase on the second day, where one cell will be taken out for genetic testing. Then there is the eight cell stage on the third day, when the embryo should reach the normal development level of this stage. The last is the fifth day of the blastocyst stage, when the embryo will form a cell mass containing a cavity, called the blastocyst. The development of blastocysts is an important index for transplantation.
The whole process of embryo culture requires laboratory personnel to closely monitor and control the growth environment of embryos to ensure that the composition of the culture medium and the factors such as temperature, pH, oxygen content are properly adjusted.
embryo transfer
Embryo transfer is a key step in the formation of IVF and also the most challenging step, which requires high technology and operational accuracy. After the embryo is cultured to the blastocyst stage, the doctor will select the appropriate number of embryos for transfer according to the specific situation of the patient and the embryonic development.
Embryo transfer is usually carried out through the vagina, and doctors use catheters to transfer blastocysts into the uterus of women. In order to improve the success rate, doctors will use ultrasound guided technology to ensure that embryos are accurately implanted into the endometrium.
Incubation process
After IVF embryo transfer, women need to undergo the pregnancy process. Usually after two weeks, women have blood tests to detect pregnancy hormone levels. If the result is positive, it indicates that the IVF transplantation is successful and the woman is pregnant.
Subsequently, women need weekly prenatal examinations, including ultrasound and blood tests, to ensure the healthy development of the fetus. Compared with natural pregnancy, the pregnancy process of IVF needs close monitoring and doctor's guidance to ensure the safety of mother and baby.
To sum up, the formation process of IVF includes fertilization, embryo culture, embryo transfer and pregnancy. Through scientific methods and meticulous operation, IVF technology provides a chance for couples who cannot conceive naturally to realize their reproductive aspirations.
