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What exactly does IVF do?

IVF, also known as artificial fertilization or assisted reproductive technology, is a way to help infertile couples achieve their reproductive aspirations through medical means. So, what exactly does IVF do? In this paper, egg retrieval, sperm treatment, in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer are described in detail.

Egg retrieval

First, doctors will give hormone therapy to female patients to promote follicular development. Before ovulation, doctors will use ultrasound technology to locate follicles in the ovary. Then, through a simple operation, the doctor will use a needle to puncture the follicle and extract the eggs from the liquid. This process usually requires intravenous anesthesia, but does not cause too much discomfort.

The eggs were immediately sent to the laboratory for further processing.

Sperm processing

At the same time, sperm samples were collected from male patients. Sperm can be collected by masturbation or using contraceptives with condoms. The collected sperm samples were sent to the laboratory for processing.

In the laboratory, doctors will first process the sperm samples to select the best quality sperm. Usually, sperm with strong mobility and normal morphology will be selected.

In vitro fertilization

After the treatment of eggs and sperm, the doctor will put the eggs and sperm into the culture dish for in vitro fertilization under specific conditions. In vitro fertilization can be achieved by two methods. One is to put eggs and sperm together in a culture dish and let sperm fertilize freely; The other is to choose to inject sperm directly into the egg to promote fertilization.

After in vitro fertilization, eggs will continue to be cultured in the laboratory until they develop into embryos. Generally, doctors will choose the healthiest embryo for transplantation.

embryo transfer

After 2-5 days of embryo culture and development, the doctor will select one or two most promising embryos for transplantation. Embryo transfer is usually a simple, painless process that does not require anesthesia. The doctor will use a thin tube to transfer the embryo into the uterus. Next, we hope that the embryo can be implanted and continue to develop into a healthy fetus.

In summary, IVF has gone through a series of precise medical processes from egg retrieval, sperm processing, in vitro fertilization to embryo transfer. The application of these technologies has brought new fertility opportunities to infertile couples and helped them realize their good wishes in life.