The first method: gender selection technology
One of the methods of sex selection for the third generation IVF is to use sex selection technology. This method determines the sex of embryos by screening and separating X and Y chromosomes. At present, there are two most common gender selection techniques: PGD (Preimplantation Genetic Diagnosis) and microfluidics.
PGD technology is to obtain DNA from one or more cells of test tube infant embryos, and use PCR (polymerase chain reaction) or FISH (fluorescence in situ hybridization) and other technologies to conduct gender identification. This method has been applied in some IVF hospitals with high accuracy and feasibility.
Micro fluid technology uses micro channels and precise liquid control system to achieve accurate separation of embryonic cells. This technology can separate X and Y chromosome cells according to the size and charge of chromosomes in the early stage after fertilization, and then determine the sex of the embryo.
The second method: embryo sex screening
Another sex selective method for the third generation IVF is embryo sex screening. This method determines the sex of IVF embryos by screening their DNA. At present, some IVF hospitals have adopted this method for gender selection.
There are two main methods of embryo sex screening: one is non-invasive screening methods, such as peripheral blood testing; The other is invasive screening methods, such as amniocentesis. These methods determine the sex of an embryo by analyzing the sex chromosomes in its DNA.
The embryo sex screening method has high accuracy and safety, but it also has certain risks. Therefore, when selecting embryo sex screening methods, we should weigh the advantages and disadvantages and make decisions under the guidance of doctors.
The third method: hormone therapy
In addition to the above two methods, the third generation of IVF sex selective other method is hormone therapy. This method is to adjust the sex of the fertilized egg through the role of hormones.
There are two specific methods of hormone therapy: one is to promote or inhibit the development of fertilized eggs by taking or injecting hormones, so as to achieve the purpose of selecting gender; The other is to affect the sex of the fertilized egg by regulating the pH or viscosity of the female body. These methods need to be carried out under the guidance of doctors, and may face certain risks.
The fourth method: exploration of new technology
In addition to the above common methods, scientists are also constantly exploring new technologies to achieve gender selection in the third generation of IVF. For example, CRISPR gene editing technology, which has emerged in recent years, is considered to be used for sex selection, but its application in human embryos is still facing many ethical and legal restrictions.
In addition, there are some experimental technologies under development, such as using artificial intelligence to analyze the image features of embryos to determine gender, but these technologies need further research and verification.
summary
The above methods are the third generation of IVF. At present, sex selection technology, embryo sex screening, hormone therapy and exploration of new technologies are common methods. The selection of appropriate methods should be based on personal conditions and doctors' suggestions, and should be carried out in a legally compliant hospital. The gender selection of the third generation IVF has met the gender expectations of some families to a certain extent, but it is still necessary to carefully consider the possible risks and ethical issues when making choices.
