How does IVF technology work? How long does it take?

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The process of IVF technological operation

In vitro fertilization (IVF) and embryo transfer (ET) are assisted reproductive technologies, which are used to help couples who are unable to conceive naturally due to physiological or physiological reasons. The operation process of IVF technology will be described in detail below.

Step 1: ovulation induction

The first step of IVF technology is to promote ovulation through drugs. Women receive ovulation promoting agents, which can more effectively stimulate the ovaries to produce eggs. Doctors usually regularly monitor the growth of follicles until they reach maturity, and send signals to collect eggs.

Once the doctor has confirmed that the follicle is mature, he will arrange an egg retrieval operation. This operation is usually performed in the morning of one day, and the duration is about 30 minutes. The doctor will use ultrasound to guide, and a slender needle will pass through the vagina, puncture the ovary and take out the eggs. This process is carried out under anesthesia, so the patient will not feel pain.

Step 2: Sperm acquisition and sperm processing

At the same time, men need to provide sperm samples. Usually, men collect sperm through masturbation. Doctors send samples to the laboratory for processing in order to obtain the most active and healthy sperm.

Laboratory staff will wash and centrifuge the sperm to remove inactive sperm, blood and other unwanted substances. Then, they will choose the most active and healthy sperm as the sperm to combine with the egg.

Step 3: In vitro fertilization and culture

The eggs obtained in the process of egg retrieval will be placed in a culture dish and fertilized in vitro with the sperm obtained. Petri dishes provide a condition to simulate the environment of the uterus, so that eggs and sperm have a chance to combine naturally.

In the process of culture, laboratory technicians will regularly observe the development of embryos. Generally, the embryo will develop into a multicellular IVF embryo within 2 to 6 days. Doctors and laboratory technicians will select the best one or two embryos for transfer according to the quality and quantity of embryos.

Step 4: Embryo transfer

In the process of embryo transfer, doctors transfer the best one or two embryos to the female uterus. This process is usually simple and painless, and usually does not require anesthesia.

After embryo transfer, women need to rest for a period of time so that the embryo can be safely implanted and developed in the uterus. During this period, women may need to take some drugs to help stabilize hormone levels and improve the chances of embryo survival.

The whole IVF technology process usually takes weeks to months, depending on the patient's personal situation and the hospital's policy.

summary

The operation process of IVF technology mainly includes ovulation induction, sperm acquisition and processing, in vitro fertilization and culture, and embryo transfer. The whole process usually takes several weeks to several months, and the ultimate goal is to help those couples who cannot conceive naturally realize their reproductive dreams.