Principles of IVF technology
In vitro fertilization (IVF), also known as in vitro fertilization (IVF), is an assisted reproductive technology that combines sperm and eggs in an in vitro culture medium, cultivates embryos, and then implants them into the mother's uterus to achieve pregnancy and fertility. The success of IVF technology depends on the coordination and cooperation of multiple steps and factors, and its principle will be introduced below.
First, the use of anti gonadotropin (GnRH) is an important step in IVF technology. GnRH injection can ovulate women and control ovarian function. In normal physiological cycle, GnRH naturally released from female body will stimulate ovarian development and release eggs. However, in the process of IVF, doctors will control the function of the ovary by injecting GnRH analogues, so that the ovary can release multiple eggs at a specific time, increasing the chances of obtaining eggs.
Secondly, egg retrieval is one of the key steps in IVF technology. By using ultrasound technology to guide and monitor, doctors will remove eggs from women's bodies. This process is usually carried out under local anesthesia. The doctor will use a slender needle to enter the ovary through the vagina, and then extract the eggs. Care should be taken to ensure the integrity of the eggs.
Then, the combination and fertilization of sperm and egg is the core of IVF technology. After the egg is taken out, the doctor will put it in the culture dish and add sperm to the culture dish for fertilization. Usually, doctors will use the "sperm shunt" technology to disperse sperm in culture dishes to increase the chance of fertilization. The culture dish provides suitable environmental conditions to simulate the fertilization environment in the body and promote the combination of sperm and egg to form a fertilized egg.
Is IVF heritable
The genetic inheritance of IVF mainly depends on the source of sperm and egg. If the husband and wife's own sperm and eggs are used for fertilization and transplantation, IVF will inherit the genes of both sides and have the genetic characteristics of the parents. However, if different sperm or egg sources are used, IVF may not have exactly the same genes as their biological parents.
In addition, if there are some genetic diseases or genetic defects in parents, these problems may also be inherited to IVF. In some cases, doctors may suggest that embryo gene testing be carried out to exclude embryos with genetic defects, thereby reducing the risk of genetic diseases.
It is worth mentioning that IVF technology can also be used in the case of reproductive disorders between spouses. In this case, artificial insemination will use sperm or eggs from the donor. This means that IVF babies may inherit genetic characteristics different from their parents.
Application of IVF technology
IVF technology is widely used to solve many reproductive health problems and achieve fertility aspirations. The following are common applications of IVF technology:
1. Ovarian dysfunction: For women with ovarian dysfunction, test tube baby technology provides an effective way of reproduction. By controlling ovarian function and artificial fertilization, many women with ovarian dysfunction have successfully achieved pregnancy and fertility.
2. Fallopian tube problem: The fallopian tube is the passage of the egg from the ovary to the uterus. If there is a problem with the fallopian tube, it will affect the fertilization and transplantation of the egg. IVF technology can bypass the fallopian tube and directly implant the fertilized egg into the uterus, so that couples with fallopian tube problems have the opportunity to achieve fertility.
3. Sperm problem: IVF technology can also be used to solve the problem of poor quality of male sperm or inability to release sperm naturally. Doctors can help with the pregnancy process by donating semen or extracting sperm.
summary
Through in vitro fertilization, IVF technology has realized the solution of many reproductive health problems and the realization of reproductive aspirations. Its principle includes several key steps such as using anti gonadotropin to control ovulation, taking eggs by ultrasonic technology, fertilizing and cultivating embryos, and implanting embryos into the uterus. In addition, the genetic inheritance of IVF is related to the origin of sperm and eggs. When the spouses use their own sperm and eggs for fertilization and transplantation, IVF will inherit the genetic characteristics of both sides. However, if different sperm or egg sources are used, IVF may not have exactly the same genes as their biological parents. IVF technology has been widely used in ovarian dysfunction, fallopian tube problems and sperm problems, and has helped many couples achieve their reproductive aspirations.
