Test items of IVF test items
IVF refers to the process of pregnancy and delivery by implanting embryos into the mother's body after IVF and pregnancy through assisted reproductive technology. In the whole process of IVF, inspection items are one of the most important links. This article will elaborate on the examination items of IVF from four aspects: embryo quality assessment, gene screening, chromosome abnormality detection and genetic disease screening.
1. Evaluation of embryo quality
Embryo quality assessment is one of the key steps in IVF. The evaluation of embryo quality can determine which embryos have high implantation and development potential, so as to select the most likely embryos for successful pregnancy for transfer.
The embryo quality assessment mainly includes the following aspects:
First, evaluate the appearance of the embryo, such as the number of cell divisions, cell morphology, and intracellular transparency; Secondly, evaluate the cell viability of the embryo, such as cell division speed, cell proliferation ability, etc; Finally, the chromosome status of the embryo is often assessed by gene detection techniques.
2. Gene screening
Gene screening refers to gene testing of embryos to screen out embryos carrying certain gene variations, so as to avoid transmission of genetic diseases. This technology is often used to help select embryos with normal genes for transplantation and reduce the risk of genetic diseases when both husband and wife carry some genetic disease genes.
Common gene screening items include screening for some monogenic genetic diseases, such as cystic fibrosis, hemophilia, etc. The pathogenic genes of these diseases have been relatively clear and can be well screened through gene testing.
At the same time, it can also screen some complex genetic diseases, such as breast cancer, ovarian cancer, etc. These diseases are affected by multiple genes and environmental factors, and the accuracy and predictability of screening are low.
3. Chromosome abnormality detection
Chromosome abnormality detection is to screen for chromosome abnormalities carried by embryos, such as Down's syndrome, Edward's syndrome and low birth weight infants, so as to avoid birth defects.
Chromosome abnormalities can be detected by chromosome karyotype analysis, FISH and other technologies. By accurately detecting the chromosome number and structure of the embryo, we can judge whether there are chromosome abnormalities in the embryo, so as to select normal embryos for transplantation and improve the possibility of successful pregnancy.
Chromosome abnormality detection can help reduce the occurrence of adverse results such as embryo transfer failure, abortion and birth defects.
4. Genetic disease screening
In addition to single gene genetic diseases and chromosome abnormalities, there are also some genetic diseases affected by polygene and environmental factors. Genetic disease screening can be used to detect whether patients carry genetic variations that increase the risk of genetic diseases.
Genetic disease screening can be carried out through gene sequencing, SNP chip and other technologies. Common genetic diseases include diabetes, hypertension and cancer. By screening whether patients carry gene variants that increase the risk of these diseases, customized prevention and management measures can be taken to reduce the risk of disease.
To sum up, the inspection items of IVF include embryo quality assessment, gene screening, chromosome abnormality detection and genetic disease screening. These inspection items help to optimize embryos, avoid genetic diseases and reduce the risk of birth defects, and improve the probability of success of IVF by evaluating embryo quality, screening gene variations and chromosomal abnormalities.
