Details of IVF process: How does IVF operate?

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Detailed explanation of IVF process

IVF is a kind of assisted reproductive technology, which is widely used in couples who cannot conceive naturally. The operation process of IVF will be described in detail below.

Preparation for pregnancy

Before IVF, couples need to undergo a series of examinations and evaluations to determine whether it is suitable for IVF. These examinations include semen analysis, hysteroscopy, tubal level assessment, and so on. The doctor will make a personalized treatment plan according to the examination results.

Next, women need ovulation stimulation. Hormone drugs are usually used to promote follicular development. During this period, doctors will monitor the growth of follicles and estrogen levels in follicles through ultrasound and blood tests.

When the follicles are mature enough, the doctor will make an appointment to take the eggs. This operation is usually performed on the 13th to 15th days of follicular development. On the day of operation, women need general anesthesia, and doctors use slender needles to suck eggs under the guidance of vagina and ultrasound.

Sperm processing and fertilization

In vitro fertilization is the core step of IVF. Shortly after the female ovum retrieval operation, the male needs to provide a semen sample. The sample was then sent to the laboratory for sperm processing.

First, laboratory technicians will centrifuge sperm samples to separate high-quality motile sperm. Next, they put eggs and sperm in the same culture dish to promote fertilization. Fertilization rate is usually confirmed within 48 hours.

After successful fertilization, the embryo is cultured in the laboratory, and it usually takes 3-5 days to develop to a sufficient stage for embryo transfer.

embryo transfer

Before embryo transfer, the doctor will discuss the number and time of embryo transfer with the couple. Usually, doctors will choose the best embryo for transplantation to improve the success rate of pregnancy.

Embryo transfer is a simple and painless process. Doctors use a catheter like a hysteroscope to send embryos through the vagina into the uterus. During transplantation, doctors will use ultrasound guidance to ensure accuracy and safety.

Observation and pregnancy detection

After embryo transfer, couples need to wait about two weeks for a pregnancy test to confirm whether they are pregnant. During this period, women usually need to continue taking hormone drugs to maintain the stability of the uterine environment.

If the pregnancy test is positive, it means that the IVF process is successful and the couple is about to have a baby. At this time, women still need routine pregnancy inspection and monitoring to ensure the healthy development of the fetus.

To sum up, the process of IVF mainly includes pregnancy preparation, sperm processing and fertilization, embryo transfer, observation and pregnancy detection. Through this process, couples who cannot conceive naturally have the opportunity to realize their reproductive dreams and welcome a new family member.