Selection of sperm extraction methods for test tube infants
IVF is a widely used assisted reproductive technology, in which sperm extraction is a crucial step. With the support of modern medical technology, there are many methods to choose from. This article will elaborate on the selection of sperm extraction methods for IVF from four aspects.
1. Natural ejaculation
Natural ejaculation is a simple and minimally invasive method of semen extraction, which is suitable for some male patients. The operation is simple, and only the semen naturally discharged by the patient needs to be collected. This method does not need the assistance of ovulation promoting drugs, and can reduce the stimulation to female patients, thereby reducing the physical burden of patients.
However, natural ejaculation also has some limitations. For some male patients, the quality and quantity of sperm may be affected, resulting in a low success rate. In addition, natural ejaculation cannot solve the problem of too few sperm or poor quality, which limits its application.
2. Vaginal sperm extraction
Vaginal sperm extraction is one of the common methods in IVF, which is suitable for male patients with semen quality not affected but with difficulty in ejaculation. By stimulating the penis root of the patient, the semen is naturally discharged, and then collected.
The advantages of vaginal semen extraction are simple operation, no need to use special tools, and no obvious physical trauma to patients. However, this method is not applicable to the situation of limited sperm quantity or quality, because vaginal sperm extraction cannot screen better sperm, which limits its application scope.
3. Sperm extraction from testis
Testicular sperm extraction is a method designed for male patients who cannot be ejaculated through vagina or have sperm quality problems. Through a small operation, doctors remove sperm directly from the testes of patients.
The advantage of testicular sperm extraction is that more sperm can be obtained, which improves the success rate of IVF. In addition, this method avoids the limitation of vaginal ejaculation, and is suitable for male patients who cannot ejaculate naturally. However, testicular ejaculation requires surgery, which will cause certain trauma to the patient's body, and multiple factors such as postoperative recovery period need to be considered.
4. Sperm taking from spermatic vein
For some infertile patients with specific causes, spermatic vein semen extraction is a feasible option. This method is to open the spermatic vein through surgery, collect the returned semen, and obtain sperm.
The advantage of spermatic vein sperm extraction is that it can collect more and better quality sperm, and improve the success rate of IVF. However, this method requires surgery, which may have higher risk and trauma for patients. Therefore, doctors need to fully evaluate the patient's condition and actual needs, and decide whether to choose this method.
Summary
The specific conditions of male patients should be comprehensively considered in the selection of sperm extraction methods for IVF. Natural ejaculation is simple, but only suitable for patients with good sperm quality and quantity; Vaginal sperm extraction does not need special tools, but it is not suitable for the limited quality and quantity of sperm; Testicular sperm extraction can obtain more sperm, but requires surgery; Spermatic vein semen extraction can obtain more and better quality sperm, but patients need to bear the risk of surgery. Therefore, doctors should choose appropriate methods according to the specific conditions of patients to improve the success rate of IVF.
