What points should we pay attention to in vitro baby sperm selection?
IVF refers to the assisted reproductive technology that fertilizes sperm and eggs in vitro and implants embryos into the uterus of pregnant women. In the process of IVF, sperm selection is a crucial link. Next, we will introduce the key points of IVF sperm selection in detail.
Sperm quality assessment
Evaluation of sperm quality is the primary task of IVF sperm selection. The quality of spermatozoa includes the morphology, activity and concentration of spermatozoa. Through semen detection and sperm quality assessment, doctors can determine the quality of sperm, thus providing reference for subsequent IVF operations.
First, morphological evaluation means to observe whether the morphology and structure of sperm are normal. Normal sperm should have complete head, middle segment and tail structure, without deformation, deformity and damage. Morphological evaluation can exclude sperm with abnormal morphology by observing sperm morphology under microscope, thus increasing the probability of success of IVF.
Secondly, vitality assessment is to judge whether the motility of sperm is normal. Normal sperm should have good swimming power and high vitality. Doctors usually mark sperm, observe its movement under the microscope, and evaluate sperm vitality according to specific criteria. The results of vitality assessment can help doctors select sperm with strong vitality and good swimming ability.
Finally, concentration assessment refers to measuring the number of sperm in semen. After the semen sample is diluted, the doctor can count the sperm with a microscope. Normal sperm concentration should be within a certain range, too low or too high concentration will affect the success rate of IVF. Therefore, concentration assessment is an indispensable indicator in IVF sperm selection.
Genetic screening
In addition to sperm quality assessment, genetic screening is also an important part of IVF sperm selection. Through gene screening, sperm carrying genetic diseases can be excluded, and the risk of diseases of pregnant women and fetuses can be reduced.
Genetic screening includes common genetic diseases, chromosome abnormalities and single gene genetic diseases. Common genetic disease screening can detect whether there are common genetic disease genes such as thalassemia and congenital muscular dystrophy. Chromosome abnormality screening can exclude sperm with common chromosome abnormalities such as Down syndrome and Edward syndrome. In addition, single gene genetic diseases such as cystic fibrosis can also be screened according to individual family history.
Genetic screening: After collecting sperm samples, PCR technology is used for gene detection to determine whether sperm carries genetic disease genes. The test results can be provided to doctors to help them select healthy sperm for IVF operation.
Selection of sperm source
Selection of sperm source is one of the key steps in IVF sperm selection. Common sperm sources include the sperm of the husband and wife, the sperm of the sperm donor and the sperm from the frozen sperm bank.
If the husband and wife have good sperm quality and no genetic diseases, they can directly use their own sperm for IVF operation. If the quality of the sperm of the couple is poor or there is a risk of genetic disease, the sperm of the sperm donor can be selected. Sperm donors usually undergo rigorous screening and evaluation to ensure that sperm quality is excellent and there is no risk of genetic disease.
In addition, some hospitals have also set up frozen sperm banks to store the sperm of many high-quality men of childbearing age. After proper physical examination and selection, couples can select suitable sperm from the sperm bank for IVF. This method has high flexibility and selectivity, and sperm selection can be carried out according to the needs of couples.
Summary
In the process of IVF, sperm selection is an important factor affecting the success rate. Sperm quality assessment, genetic screening and sperm source selection should be paid attention to in vitro sperm selection. Only through comprehensive consideration of these precautions, healthy sperm can be selected from multiple dimensions such as morphology, vitality, concentration and gene, so as to improve the success rate of IVF and reduce the risk of disease.
