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What are the steps and precautions of IVF?

What are the steps and precautions of IVF?



Methods, steps and precautions of IVF

In vitro fertilization (IVF) is an assisted reproductive technology, which combines male sperm with female eggs through in vitro artificial fertilization and cultivates them into embryos, and then implants the embryos into the female uterus, finally realizing pregnancy. The main steps and precautions of IVF will be introduced below.

Step 1: ovulation induction

Before the IVF process begins, women need to receive ovulation induction treatment. Doctors will inject hormone drugs into women to stimulate their ovaries to produce multiple mature eggs. This process requires careful control of drug dosage and monitoring of follicular growth to ensure the timing of egg maturation. Once the follicle reaches a certain size, the doctor will make an appointment for the woman to take the egg. Egg retrieval is usually performed within 36 hours after follicle maturation. The operation is performed in the operating room of the hospital, and generally only local anesthesia is required. The doctor will use a fine catheter to puncture the uterine wall, reach the ovary and suck out the eggs.

Step 2: Prepare sperm and the combination of sperm and egg

Before women take eggs, men need to provide semen samples. Semen samples will be processed in the laboratory to separate high-quality and active sperm. Next, the doctor will put the collected eggs and sperm in a culture dish and let them combine to fertilize. Normally, each egg is cultured with thousands of sperm.

Step 3: Embryo culture

The fertilized egg is cultured to a specific stage of embryonic development, and is generally kept in a petri dish for 2 to 6 days. During this period, doctors will regularly observe the development of embryos to determine their quality. High quality embryos usually continue to be cultured until they reach the level of good development for 5 to 6 days. In addition, doctors will also choose the best one or two embryos for implantation, and the rest of the embryos can be frozen for standby.

Step 4: Embryo implantation

At the final stage of embryo culture, the doctor will introduce the selected embryo into the female uterus through a thin tube. This process usually does not require anesthesia and does not cause any discomfort. After embryo implantation, women need to rest for a few days and continue to take hormone drugs to promote implantation. About ten days later, the doctor will conduct a blood test to determine whether the pregnancy was successful.

matters needing attention

1. IVF technology may be a good choice for older couples or couples with reproductive health problems, but it is not applicable to all couples. Before deciding to use IVF, couples should consult a doctor and have a comprehensive physical examination. 2. Women may have some side effects during ovulation induction therapy, such as polycystic ovary syndrome, swelling and mood fluctuation. These side effects are normal, but if there are serious problems, the doctor should be informed in time. 3. The processing and culture environment of sperm and eggs in the laboratory is crucial to the success of the whole IVF process. Therefore, it is very important to select a hospital or professional institution with experience and complete equipment for operation. Conclusion: IVF technology is an important achievement of modern reproductive medicine, which provides a method for couples who cannot conceive naturally. During the IVF process, couples need to follow the doctor's advice, follow reasonable steps for treatment, and pay attention to changes in the body and reasonable rest. At the same time, selecting a hospital or professional institution with good reputation and strong technology for IVF operation can improve the probability of success and reduce the risk.
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