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What is the principle of IVF? How many embryos need to be transferred?

What is the principle of IVF? How many embryos need to be transferred?



Principles of IVF

In Vitro Fertilization (IVF) is a kind of assisted reproductive technology, which is mainly used to solve the problems of natural pregnancy difficulties or impossible couples' fertility due to a variety of reasons. Its principle mainly includes in vitro fertilization, embryo culture and embryo transfer. During in vitro fertilization, women ovulate through estrogen, and the ovary produces multiple follicles. Through ultrasonic monitoring, doctors judge the development of follicles. When the best time comes, use ultrasound guided fine needles to extract follicular fluid, and then combine ovarian fluid with sperm in vitro. There are two ways to choose, one is to mix eggs and sperm to allow natural fertilization; The other is single sperm injection (ICSI), that is, single sperm is injected into the egg to promote fertilization. After fertilization, embryo culture is to place the fertilized eggs in the in vitro environment to provide nutrition and appropriate environmental conditions to promote embryo development. The time of embryo culture usually lasts until the second or third day, until the embryo develops to a mature stage, and embryo transfer can be carried out. In the process of embryo transfer, doctors transfer the eggs that form embryos back to the female uterus through vagina or laparoscopy. Generally, 2-3 embryos will be transferred back to the uterus to increase the success rate, and in very few cases, select this time to transfer only one embryo to reduce the risk of multiple pregnancies.

How many embryos need to be transferred?

The number of embryo transfers varies according to different circumstances. Traditionally, during IVF, 2-3 embryos are usually transferred back to the uterus to increase the probability of pregnancy. However, with the progress of technology and the improvement of embryo culture, some hospitals have begun to transfer a single embryo back to the uterus to reduce the risk of multiple pregnancies and ensure the safety of mothers and infants. However, it should be noted that the more embryos transferred, the better. Too much embryo transfer will lead to multiple pregnancy and increase the health risk of pregnant women and embryos. Therefore, when deciding on the number of embryos to be transferred, doctors will make judgments based on factors such as the patient's age, egg quality, medical history and the goal of individual assisted reproduction.

Precautions during embryo transfer

In the process of embryo transfer, there are some considerations, such as the following: 1. Select the appropriate embryo: The doctor will evaluate the appearance and development of the embryo and select the best embryo for transplantation. 2. Response to embryo loss: not all transferred embryos will be successfully implanted and develop into healthy fetuses. Be prepared to accept this possibility. 3. Rest and stress relief: After embryo transfer, it is important to take proper rest and stress relief. Avoid strenuous exercise and heavy physical labor. 4. Pay attention to the doctor's advice: take medicine according to the doctor's instructions and orders, pay attention to diet and living habits, and increase the chances of successful embryo transfer.

Summary

The principle of IVF mainly includes in vitro fertilization, embryo culture and embryo transfer. In the process of in vitro fertilization, fertilization is carried out by mixing eggs and sperm or by ICSI injection. After fertilization, embryo culture provides an appropriate environment to promote embryo development. Embryo transfer The formed embryo is transferred back to the uterus, usually 2-3 embryos will be transferred. However, with the progress of technology, some hospitals began to prefer to transfer single embryos. In the process of embryo transfer, attention should be paid to selecting appropriate embryos, accepting the possibility of embryo loss, taking appropriate rest and reducing pressure, and following the doctor's advice. Through the above steps and precautions, IVF technology can help couples with fertility difficulties realize their dreams.
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