Test tube baby is an assisted reproductive technology, which is often used for couples who cannot conceive naturally.Its operation methods mainly include in vitro fertilization (IVF) and embryo transfer, which is a delicate and complex process.The methods of IVF surgery will be described in detail from four aspects.
1. In vitro fertilization (IVF)
In vitro fertilization (IVF) is the first step of IVF, which combines eggs and sperm in the laboratory.The specific steps are as follows:First, doctors will inject women with drugs that produce multiple eggs to increase the number of fertilized eggs.Then, after the egg matures, the egg is taken out through minor surgery.Next, select the most dynamic and high-quality sperm from the sperm provided by men, and place them in the culture dish together with the egg.In the incubator, eggs and sperm naturally combine to further develop into fertilized eggs.
2. Selection of embryo culture
Embryo culture is a key link in IVF surgery, which determines the quality and selection of embryos.There are usually two common methods of embryo culture:(1) Traditional culture method: put sperm and egg in a culture dish for fertilization, and then regularly observe the development of embryos in the laboratory.Generally, the better embryos are selected for transfer on the third day, and the remaining embryos can be frozen for future use.(2) Double dragon dendriform culture method: put the fertilized eggs into a double dragon culture dish, simulate the uterine environment through the flow of culture medium, improve the quality of embryos, screen high-quality embryos, and then transfer or freeze save them.
3. Embryo transfer
Embryo transfer is the last step of IVF operation. The cultured embryos are placed in the female uterus to promote embryo implantation and further development.The specific steps are as follows:The doctor will insert a catheter at the mouth of the cervix and gently put the embryo into the uterine cavity through the catheter.This process usually does not require anesthesia, and is very simple and fast.Later, patients need to rest for a period of time to promote embryo implantation and pregnancy.
4. Subsequent detection and auxiliary technology (optional)
After IVF surgery, doctors may conduct some follow-up tests to ensure the progress of pregnancy.For example, the successful implantation and development of an embryo can be determined by measuring the level of progesterone in the blood or by performing an ultrasound examination.In addition, if further auxiliary technology is needed, doctors may recommend patients to carry out embryo freezing and thawing, pre implantation genetic screening, etc., to improve the success rate.To sum up, IVF surgery mainly includes in vitro fertilization, embryo culture selection, embryo transfer, follow-up testing and auxiliary technology.These operations need professional doctors and equipment, usually in hospitals or specialized reproductive centers.Through IVF, many couples have successfully realized their dreams of childbirth, bringing them new hope and happiness.
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