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What are the steps of IVF program?

What are the steps of IVF program?



Steps of IVF protocol

In vitro fertilization (IVF) in assisted reproductive technology (ART) is an important means to help couples who cannot conceive naturally achieve fertility. This process involves many steps, including ovulation induction, oocyte retrieval, fertilization and embryo transfer. The four key steps of the IVF program are described in detail below.

Step 1: ovulation induction

The first step of the IVF procedure is to promote the ovulation of multiple eggs from a woman's ovary through the use of hormone drugs. Usually, this process begins on the second to third days of the menstrual cycle. Patients need to inject a drug every day to promote the development and maturation of follicles. By regularly checking the follicle size and intima thickness, doctors can determine the best time to collect eggs. In this process, patients need to consult experts to understand how to inject drugs correctly, how to conduct daily observation, and keep in touch with the hospital at any time. In addition, in each step, patients should follow the advice of experts and strictly follow the doctor's instructions to proceed to the next step.

Step 2: Take eggs

When the follicle in the ovary matures, the doctor will arrange an operation to remove the egg. The operation is usually guided by ultrasound, supplemented by local anesthesia or general anesthesia. During the operation, the doctor will insert a long and thin needle through the uterine wall into the ovary to extract the eggs and follicular fluid. This process usually takes between 20 and 30 minutes. The success and safety of the operation can be ensured by the examination and preparation before egg retrieval. After taking eggs, the eggs will be moved to the laboratory for further processing.

Step 3: Fertilization process

In the laboratory, doctors will collect the obtained eggs and the sperm of their spouses. Then, experts place eggs and sperm in a petri dish so that natural fertilization can occur. If sperm quality is poor or there are other reproductive problems, doctors may use ICSI (single sperm injection) technology. The fertilized eggs will be cultured in the laboratory, and experts will monitor their development. Generally, the fertilization rate can reach 60% to 70%.

Step 4: Embryo transfer

After 3-5 days of embryo culture and development, doctors will select the best embryo for transplantation. Embryo transfer is a simple and painless process, usually without anesthesia. Doctors will use a thin tube to slowly insert the embryo into a woman's uterus. After transplantation, patients will need to rest and follow the doctor's advice. In addition, two weeks after transplantation, patients need to wait and conduct blood tests to confirm whether they have successfully conceived. Doctors may also recommend progesterone or other medications to support early pregnancy.

summary

The IVF program is a complex and sophisticated technology, which involves the steps of ovulation induction, egg retrieval, fertilization and embryo transfer. Throughout the process, patients need to visit regularly and follow the advice of experts. At the same time, doctors will also carry out personalized treatment according to the specific conditions of patients to improve the success rate of IVF. Test tube baby is one of the great achievements of modern medicine, which provides the hope for infertile couples to realize their reproductive dreams.
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