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What are the steps of IVF method?

What are the steps of IVF method?



Steps of IVF method

In vitro fertilization (IVF) is a kind of assisted reproductive technology, which is widely used to solve couples who are difficult to conceive due to fertility disorders. IVF methods mainly include: ovulation induction and insemination, embryo culture, embryo transfer and pregnancy detection.

Ovulation promotion and insemination

In the process of IVF, we first need to obtain multiple eggs through ovulation induction. This step is usually achieved by injecting women with ovulation promoting drugs. Ovulation promoting drugs can stimulate the ovary to produce multiple follicles, so that the ovary can discharge multiple mature eggs at the same time, and improve the probability of pregnancy. Doctors will monitor the growth of follicles and changes in hormone levels through regular ultrasound and blood tests. When the follicle develops to the appropriate size, the doctor will take the eggs in the operating room. This process is generally through the transvaginal ultrasound technology guided by ultrasound. The slender extraction tube is passed through the vagina into the ovary, and the eggs are collected through aspiration. This operation usually needs to be carried out under general anesthesia. In addition to ovulation induction, fertilization is another important step in IVF. After taking the eggs, the female eggs will be inseminated with the male sperm in the laboratory. There are two modes of insemination to choose from: conventional insemination and single sperm injection. Conventional insemination is to put sperm and egg in the same culture dish and let sperm enter the egg freely. Single sperm injection is used in some special cases, that is, sperm is selected and injected into the egg.

Embryo culture

After successful fertilization, the egg will begin to develop rapidly and become a fertilized egg. The fertilized eggs will be cultured in a laboratory dish. This process needs to provide appropriate environment, appropriate temperature and nutrients to ensure the normal development of the fertilized eggs. During the cultivation process, doctors will regularly check the status of the fertilized eggs and evaluate their quality. High quality embryos usually have higher implantation rate and pregnancy success rate. According to the development and quality of the embryo, doctors can choose to carry out embryo transfer on the third or fifth day.

embryo transfer

Embryo transfer is one of the most critical steps in IVF technology. During embryo transfer, the doctor will take the well cultivated embryo out of the laboratory and place it in a slender catheter. The catheter will enter the uterine cavity through the cervix and place the embryo in the uterus. This process is usually painless and does not require anesthesia. After embryo transfer, couples need to rest for a period of time, usually 2-3 weeks. During this period, doctors will recommend avoiding strenuous exercise and sexual life to improve the implantation rate of transplanted embryos.

Pregnancy test

About two weeks after the embryo transfer, women will be tested for pregnancy. Successful pregnancy can be determined by estimating progesterone levels or by performing blood tests. In general, the IVF process may require several attempts to succeed. For some special cases, such as the female's ovarian function is damaged, and the male's sperm quantity and quality are poor, auxiliary technology or personalized adjustment may be required. Therefore, communication and cooperation with doctors are crucial. Professional guidance and treatment in real hospitals can improve the success rate.

summary

IVF is a complex and efficient assisted reproductive technology, mainly including ovulation induction and insemination, embryo culture, embryo transfer and pregnancy detection. These steps together help patients achieve their reproductive aspirations. However, the individual differences of each couple need to be considered. Therefore, when choosing the IVF process, we should consult and discuss with professionals in the real hospital to develop a suitable treatment scheme.
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