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What are the common methods of IVF sperm screening?

What are the common methods of IVF sperm screening?



Common methods of sperm screening for test tube infants

IVF technology is an assisted reproductive technology, which is mainly used for couples who cannot conceive naturally due to physiological or other reasons. Sperm selection is a key step in IVF technology, because it directly affects the success rate of pregnancy. This article will introduce the common methods of IVF sperm screening, including centrifugation, identification, particle separation and activation.

1. Centrifuge method

Centrifuge is a commonly used method for screening test tube baby sperm. In this method, the semen is separated into two or more parts of different quality by a centrifuge. Generally speaking, whether it is the purity tube used in centrifugation or the supernatant obtained after centrifugation, the sperm with better quality will show higher fertilization ability. In some modern hospitals, such as Peking Union Medical College Hospital and Guangzhou Medical Center for Women and Children, centrifugation is widely used in IVF technology. The advantages of centrifugation are simple operation and low cost. However, there are also some shortcomings. Centrifuge can not effectively exclude abnormal sperm and defective sperm, so it has certain limitations in improving the pregnancy rate.

2. Identification method

Identification method is a method to screen the sperm with normal morphology by microscopic observation of sperm. This method usually uses a high-power microscope to evaluate the morphology of sperm. Normal sperm usually means that their genetic information is relatively stable, and they are easy to successfully combine with eggs. In the identification method, the sperm with strong fertility is usually considered as the sperm with normal head shape and complete and consistent tail. These spermatozoa have the potential to obtain higher fertilization ability. Therefore, in IVF technology, the identification method is widely used to exclude abnormal sperm and improve the pregnancy rate.

3. Particle separation method

Particle separation is a method to improve the pregnancy rate by screening sperm with certain particles. Common particle separation methods include using affinity to select particles, selecting particles through sieve, etc. For example, a common particle separation method is to select particles by using affinity, such as the phosphorylation site of stained sperm. This method can select samples with a large number of stained sperm, which often have a high survival rate and fertilization ability.

4. Activation method

Activation is a method to improve sperm motility and fertilization ability through specific activator. Common activators include halophilic bacteria phosphatidylinositol, cytosolic cockerellin A, lecithin, etc. By adding an appropriate amount of activator, it can cause the "wake-up" effect of sperm, make it more energetic, and increase its swimming ability and fertilization ability. Therefore, activation method is widely used in IVF technology to improve pregnancy rate.

summary

IVF sperm screening is an important part of IVF technology, which is directly related to the success rate of pregnancy. Centrifuge, identification, particle separation and activation are commonly used methods for sperm screening. Centrifuge is simple and low cost, but abnormal sperm cannot be excluded; The sperm with normal morphology was screened by morphological judgment; Particle separation method improves the pregnancy rate by screening sperm with specific particles; Activation method improves the motility and fertilization ability of sperm through specific activator. These methods can effectively improve the pregnancy rate of IVF.
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